Is parental consent required for a school psychologist to review a child's educational records?

The requirement for parental consent when reviewing a child's educational records hinges on the regulations surrounding educational privacy and the specifics of the context in which the information is being accessed. When school psychologists conduct classroom observations, they are generally collecting data that does not involve direct access to confidential educational records. Classroom observations can take place in a setting that is observable to others in the school environment, and thus do not typically require explicit parental consent.

On the other hand, the other options suggest scenarios where consent would be necessary for various reasons related to privacy or the child’s educational rights. For instance, reviewing sensitive educational records, especially those containing confidential information, usually entails adhering to FERPA (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act) guidelines that protect student information and require parental consent in certain situations.

Therefore, while parental consent has a significant role in many aspects of accessing student records, when it comes to classroom observations where there is no direct infringement on privacy, consent is not required.